Can you drive with a brain tumour?

Please note that this information is relevant to people holding a group one licence (for cars and motorcycles). Rules relating to group two licences (large lorries and buses) are different. You can find out more about group two licences from the DVLA or DVA.

Brain tumours and driving

Not being able to drive is one of the things that people living with a brain tumour often report as most difficult to deal with, in terms of changes to their daily life. The loss of a driving licence is often seen as loss of independence.

But, if you’ve been diagnosed with a brain tumour, you must tell the Driver & Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA). Or, if you live in Northern Ireland, the Driver & Vehicle Agency (DVA).

This is because it could affect your ability to drive safely. Whether you’re allowed to keep driving with a brain tumour will depend on the tumour’s type and grade. It also depends on the tumour’s location in the brain as well as the treatment and side-effects you have. It’s very common to be told by the DVLA or DVA to give up your driving licence. This may be temporary, but, unfortunately, some people won’t be able to drive legally again. If you have to surrender your licence there are a variety of services and practical schemes to help you get around.

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Can you drive with a brain tumour?

After receiving a brain tumour diagnosis you should speak to your healthcare team or GP about assessing your fitness to drive.

If healthcare professionals decide that you are unfit to drive, the length of time you’ll be unable to drive will depend on:

• the type of your brain tumour you have
• the grade of your brain tumour
• where the tumour is in your brain
• the type of treatment you’ve had and when it was
  completed.

For many types of high grade tumour, you won’t be allowed to drive for at least two years. For low grade tumours, it may be one year, but it can be less.

For example, with low grade tumours in the cerebellum or brain stem, or with grade one meningiomas, you can generally drive once you’ve recovered from treatment. But, if you’ve had a craniotomy, you won’t be able to drive for six months.

In all cases, there must be no other factors or after-effects of treatment that could affect your ability to drive. This must be checked by your medical team before you’re allowed to drive again.

These time spans are from completion of primary treatment. This can include radiotherapy and chemotherapy that you may have after, or instead of, surgery. Your doctor can tell you whether the treatment you’re having is considered primary treatment.

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Can I drive if I had a brain tumour as a child?

If you had a brain tumour as a child, with no recurrence, and don’t experience other disqualifying side-effects as a result of your tumour, you can have a regular driving licence and keep it until the usual age of 70.

Brain tumours and driving: common risks

Why would you be asked to give up your driving licence if you have a brain tumour? It’s purely for road safety.

Below are some of the risks that you’ll be assessed on when it comes to driving with a brain tumour.

Seizures

Around 60% of people with a brain tumour will experience a seizure at least once and one of the major factors is the risk, or chance, of you having a seizure as a result of the tumour itself or your treatment.

If you’ve had a seizure of any type, you won’t be allowed to drive for a certain period. This will usually be for at least one year from your last seizure but for some low grade tumours it may be less, and for higher grade tumours, it’s likely to be more.

Some people may not be able to drive again, due to having repeated seizures. This is the case whether your consciousness is affected during your seizures or not.

Sight problems

Around 28% of patients with a brain tumour report problems with their vision. This can include hallucinations, double vision, sensitivity to light and reduced field of vision.

Driving while experiencing sight problems could put you and others at serious risk. Though it may be hard to hear, combination of these factors and/or your diagnosis, could mean you won’t be able to legally drive again.

It’s important to remember that this is just a general guide. Everyone’s tumour is different and the DVLA or DVA will consider your individual situation and risk of further symptoms before allowing you to drive again.

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Informing the DVLA or DVA about your brain tumour

When should I tell them?

It’s a legal requirement to inform the DVLA or DVA as soon as possible after being diagnosed with a brain tumour.

You can be fined up to £1,000 if you don’t tell the DVLA or DVA about your brain tumour diagnosis. You may also be prosecuted if you’re involved in an accident caused because your tumour or the treatment you’ve received is affecting your ability to drive.

If you’re allowed to drive with a brain tumour, you must tell the DVLA or DVA if:

• your condition worsens
• you begin taking any medication or treatments that could affect your driving.

But, you should speak to your healthcare team about whether you’re still fit to drive before you talk to the DVLA or DVA.

What if my doctor thinks I’m currently unfit to drive?

If a doctor says you should stop driving for three months or longer, you must voluntarily give up your licence to the DVLA or DVA. This is known as surrendering your licence. And once you have surrendered your licence, you must stop driving.

Once you’ve informed the DVLA or DVA about your brain tumour diagnosis, they will start an enquiry into your fitness to drive. This involves sending a form to you and your doctor, asking about your health, your tumour, any treatment you’re receiving and any side-effects you’re experiencing.

If you don’t surrender your licence and the DVLA or DVA find you unfit to drive, they will take away your licence. This is known as having your licence revoked.

Having your licence revoked may feel more distressing than surrendering it yourself. Additionally, you may find it more difficult to get your licence back if your licence has been revoked, rather than surrendered. It also takes longer before you can drive again.

What if my doctor thinks I’m currently fit to drive?

You must still tell the DVLA or DVA about your brain tumour, but you can legally continue to drive until they have finished their enquiries.

If the DVLA or DVA are satisfied you meet the standard to drive then you can continue driving, although they may change your licence to a short-term medical review licence. This is most often for between one and three years, at the end of which you’ll need to reapply to keep your licence.

If the DVLA or DVA aren’t satisfied you meet the standard to drive, then they will revoke the licence and give you information about how long you can’t drive for. Unfortunately, the process of reapplying for your licence after this time will be more complicated because your licence was revoked.

How do I inform the appropriate agency of my brain tumour diagnosis if I live in England, Wales or Scotland?

If you live in England, Wales or Scotland, the appropriate agency to contact is the DVLA.

To tell the DVLA about your brain tumour diagnosis you need to fill in Form B1. This is available online or you can contact the DVLA for a paper copy using the contact details below.

Drivers Medical Enquiries
DVLA
Swansea
Wales
SA99 1TU
T: 0300 790 6806

When filling in the form you’ll need to include:

• Your full name, date of birth and driver’s number.
• Name and contact details of your GP and consultant.
• Type and grade of tumour and date of your diagnosis.
• Details of any treatment you’ve had, plus dates, and any planned or possible further treatments.

How do I inform the appropriate agency of my brain tumour diagnosis if I live in Northern Ireland?

If you live in Northern Ireland, the appropriate agency to contact is the DVA.

To inform the DVA of your brain tumour diagnosis, you must send both parts of your licence, along with a covering letter giving details of your condition, to:
Drivers Medical Section
DVA
Castlerock Road
Waterside
Coleraine
Northern Ireland
BT51 3TB
They’ll then send you the appropriate medical questionnaire to gain more details about your condition. This will include a section for you to give permission for the DVA to contact your healthcare team, if required.
You can find more information online or by ringing 0300 200 7861.

Drivers Medical Section
DVA
Castlerock Road
Waterside
Coleraine
Northern Ireland
BT51 3TB

They’ll then send you the appropriate medical questionnaire to gain more details about your condition. This will include a section for you to give permission for the DVA to contact your healthcare team, if required.

You can find more information online or by ringing 0300 200 7861.

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Can I appeal against a decision made by the DVLA or DVA regarding my brain tumour and driving?

If you disagree with the decision by the DVLA or DVA to not give your licence back, you can write to them and ask for your case to be reviewed. Make sure you include your reference number and any new medical evidence to support your claim.

If your request for a review isn’t successful, you can then make a formal appeal. The DVLA or DVA should’ve sent you details of the appeals process when they told you of their decision to not give your licence back.

It’s important to remember that if you don’t meet the medical driving standards for people with a brain tumour (including those concerning epilepsy or visual impairment), the DVLA or DVA can’t legally re-issue your licence.

If you do decide to appeal, it’s advisable to get legal advice and there are a number of things to keep in mind:

• Before you appeal, you must let the DVLA or DVA know you’re going to appeal
• If you don’t win, you have to pay the DVLA’s costs
• There’s a time limit on when you can appeal, this is measured from the date of the DVLA or DVA’s decision. In England and Wales this is six months, in Scotland it’s 21 days and in Northern Ireland it’s three months.
• If you live in England or Wales, you need to appeal to your local magistrate’s court.
• If you live in Scotland, you need to appeal to the Sheriff’s Court.
• In Northern Ireland, you must appeal to the Clark of Petty Sessions in the area where you live. You also need to send a copy of the Notice to Appeal to the Departmental Solicitors Office in Belfast at least 14 days before the hearing.

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What if I use my licence as ID?

If you surrender your licence or have it revoked, you also lose your licence as a means of ID.
If you don’t have any other easy form of ID or don’t want to carry it around, PASS ID cards are a nationally recognised and accredited photographic ID proof of age card available to anybody over the age of 18.
PASS (Proof of Age Standards Scheme) is supported by the Home Office, National Police Chiefs’ Council (NPCC), the Security Industry Authority (SIA) and the Chartered Trading Standards Institute (CTSI).

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How do I get my driver’s licence back?

The DVLA or DVA will have sent you a letter when your licence was surrendered or revoked. This will have contained information about how long you needed to wait before getting a new licence.

If you surrendered your licence because of a brain tumour diagnosis, you can apply to have it back eight weeks before the end of the period for which you’ve been disqualified to drive. You will need to check with your doctor first that they think you’re fit to drive before applying to get your licence back.

If you voluntarily surrendered your licence and have now applied for a new one, you may be able to drive under Section 88 of The Road Traffic Act 1988, while the DVLA are processing your application. Similar rules apply in Northern Ireland and you may be able to drive under the Road Traffic (NI) Order 1981 while the DVA process your application.

Section 88

You must still complete the specified amount of time off driving to make sure of the stability of your condition. In addition, in order to drive under Section 88, all of the following criteria must be met:

Your doctor must have advised that you’re fit to drive.
You must have have held a valid driving licence and only drive vehicles that you’re qualified to drive.
You must meet any conditions that were specified on your previous licence.
You’ve sent your fully completed application to the DVLA within the last 12 months.
Your last licence was not refused or revoked for medical reasons.
You’re not currently disqualified from driving by a court, and were not disqualified as a high risk offender on or after 1 June 2013.

If your licence was revoked, the same application process will apply, but you can’t start driving until the DVLA or DVA decides you’re medically fit to drive. This means you can’t drive under Section 88 or the Road Traffic (Northern Ireland) Order 1981.
To reapply for your licence in England, Wales and Scotland, you’ll need to fill in a D1 application form and form B1. The D1 form and additional information you need to make an application (the D1 Pack) can be ordered online and are also available from the Post Office.
In Northern Ireland, you need to complete the form DL1 and form B1. The DL1 form is available from main post offices and MOT test centres. In all countries of the UK, you may need to send evidence of your fitness to drive. The letter you received when your licence was revoked or surrendered, will tell you if this is the case.

Will I get a full licence back?

Driving with a brain tumour needs frequent monitoring for safety. So, when you get your driving licence back, it may be medically restricted and only be valid for a short period of time. A medically restricted licence still counts as a full UK licence, they are normally valid for between one and three years.

At the end of this time period you need to check with your doctor that you are still fit to drive. If your doctor thinks you’re fit to drive, you can then apply for your licence to be renewed.

Having a medically restricted licence doesn’t necessarily mean you can drive legally for the length of time the licence covers. If your tumour regrows or you experience side effects that affect your ability to drive, you must tell the DVLA or DVA. This may lead to your licence needing to be surrendered or revoked again.

Whether your licence was surrendered or revoked, you don’t have to take your driving test again, once your licence is returned to you.

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Practical support for driving with a brain tumour diagnosis

There are various concessions that you can apply for if you’re still able to drive with your brain tumour diagnosis. You may still be able to apply for these, if you’re being driven by a carer rather than driving yourself.

Blue Badge scheme

Blue Badge parking permits let disabled drivers and passengers park nearer to where they’re going. You can also display the badge in other cars or taxis when you’re using them.

The Blue Badge scheme is available to people who are disabled or have a health condition that affects their mobility long-term and are given by your local council following a disability assessment. The Blue Badge scheme operates throughout the UK and is also recognised in some European countries.

It’s important to note that eligibility will differ in some areas of the UK.

You can apply for a Blue Badge and find full information about eligibility requirements from your local council.

London Congestion Charge

If you’re being treated in London and you’re a Blue Badge holder, you can also register for 100% discount off the congestion charge. Even if you don’t drive or own a car. You can get a discount on up to two cars that you normally travel in, for example for carer’s car.

You can apply online, but need to send copies of certain documents to show you’re entitled to the discount. These include your Blue Badge and proof of identity. The copies can be sent as images online or by post.

You can find more information on the Transport for London website.

Toll concessions

Toll concessions are available for people classed as disabled at some river crossings, bridges and tunnels.

However, the qualifying conditions vary from applying for vouchers if you receive certain benefits, holding a Blue Badge, or having a registered disabled vehicle.

Vehicle tax exemption

You can get vehicle tax exemption or reduction if you get the following benefits:

• higher rate mobility component of Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
• enhanced rate mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).

The car must be registered in your name or that of your nominated driver. It can only be used for your personal needs, not the nominated driver’s personal use and you can only have exemption on one car at a time.

Making driving with a brain tumour easier

Depending on how your brain tumour diagnosis affects your ability to drive, it may be possible to have your car adapted to help reduce the effect on your daily life. Adaptations can include hand controls instead of foot controls, left-foot accelerators, adapted mirrors and wheelchair hoists.

The Research Institute for Disabled Consumers (RiDC) and DrivingMobility provide more information about choosing an adapted car or having your car adapted.

The AA advises that you have a duty of disclosure to your insurer and should inform them of your diagnosis as soon as possible, to avoid problems with any future claims.

Your insurance company can ask for more information about your medical condition to support your application for insurance. They may also ask for evidence that you’re allowed to drive, such as your driving licence or a letter from the DVLA or DVA confirming you’re permitted to drive.

Under the Equality Act 2010, they can’t increase the cost of your policy if your medical condition doesn’t affect the risk of making a claim.

If you have a medically-restricted licence, your insurers can’t use this as a reason to put your premiums up or refuse to cover you. If your insurers do increase your premium, they have to explain why and offer evidence that either you’re an increased risk or it is costing them more to provide their service.

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What if I don’t get my licence back?

For many people, driving is an essential part of their daily life. Not being able to drive can impact all areas of your life, including employment, how to pick up the children, taking part in leisure activities, getting to a medical appointment and even where you live.

It’s not surprising then that people living with a brain tumour often report the loss of their licence as one the most difficult changes to deal with.

Emotional support

It can be helpful to know this is a common way to feel and that you aren’t alone. Joining a support group or online community can help you ‘meet’ others in a similar situation, discuss your worries and share ideas.

You can also talk to your Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) or key worker for psychological and emotional support. They may be able to signpost other forms of help.

Being driven by a carer

After surrendering your licence or having it revoked, you may find that a carer or loved one becomes your driver. You can still apply for the Blue Badge Scheme, even if you’re not driving, and your carer can use it when they take you out.

People in this situation have said that, if it’s possible and after discussion with the driver, it can be helpful to change your car, or your carer’s car, for one with more doors and more room for carrying mobility equipment.

Help when using public transport

You may also be entitled to financial or practical support when using public transport, including free or concessionary fares.

Many areas also have community transport or charities that provide door-to-door trips to shopping centres or medical appointments.

Access to Work

If you are working, you may also be able to apply for an Access to Work grant to help you get to and from work if your diagnosis means you’re unable to drive or use public transport.

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